Taking Compliance Seriously for Supply Chain Optimization

A recent article in Supply Chain Digest (June 23, 2011) discussed results from a Gartner study that are interesting from the perspective of global trade management. According to Dan Gilmore, SC Digest editor, of the 300 respondents “34% say they consider supply chain the leading source of their company’s competitive advantage, 40% identify SCM as one of several sources, and 26% see it as largely a commodity function.”

Further, according to the survey results, improving supply chain productivity and efficiency topped “cost reduction” as the number 1 supply chain priority, while cost reduction was number 2. As shown in the table, improving efficiency is expected to dominate in 2012 as well.

One sure way to improve productivity and increase efficiency is to think beyond the domestic sphere and optimize your supply chain for cross-border transactions. Any company that depends on parts or goods sourced from outside their home country should consider a global trade management solution that does the following:

A global view of your supply chain is key to achieving the kind of productivity gains and cost reductions that will keep your company competitive.

Read more about international trade management in this informative white paper, or read more about how fashion giant, Perry Ellis, reduced freight overage costs using Management Dynamics’ International Trade Management solution.

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NAFTA Management Best Practices

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), implemented in 1994, created the world’s largest free trade area, stimulating exports between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico by eliminating tariffs and creating international rights for business investors. NAFTA ultimately produced sales of $17 trillion, establishing a model that was adopted globally. For new members, however, managing the red tape can be daunting and potentially risky.

To take advantage of the reduced duties afforded by NAFTA and other free trade agreements, exporters and importers have to verify the eligibility of their products. The qualification process involves classifying products via the Harmonized Classification System and NAFTA rules of origin. Each of the three partner governments may audit an importer, exporter, or producer of NAFTA products in any of thee three member countries, and hefty fines are levied on non-compliant manufacturers or distributors.

Best Practices for Firms Qualifying Product for NAFTA Eligibility

Qualifying products under NAFTA and other trade agreements such as CAFTA, Australian, and Singapore programs, can be a challenge but one that reaps significant savings when trading internationally. The following best practices recommended by a 2010 Global Trade Management study provide guidelines for developing a documented and verifiable process to meet NAFTA qualification compliance regulations, as well as lower the risk of fines for non-compliance.

  1. Product qualification requires expertise with classification programs, trade laws, and NAFTA rules of origin such as Tariff Shift Concepts. This process is labor intensive, so companies are well advised to align trained staff and resources to the project on an annual basis. Given the complexity of classification and NAFTA rules of origin, companies that allocate trade agreement qualification to departments with fiduciary responsibility generally reflect high levels of compliance. Also, for companies with multiple sites, centralized trade agreement compliance programs yield better compliance results as well.
  2. Review the list of products exported to NAFTA countries and determine which products carry the highest duty rates in the receiving country. The greatest savings will be realized for product with high duty rates or highest volume of exports. Offset the number of products to be NAFTA verified against the duty savings to quantify the bottom-line impact.
  3. Use cost savings data to offset training program costs for staff. The ability to monitor trade agreement programs through documented savings can enable strong compliance programs and also better support sales — lower costs to the end customer makes the exporter’s product more competitive.Consider the estimated savings that would increase if an automated system was utilized. Automation of NAFTA programs has the ability to improve processes and expedite the confirmation of information needed to qualify products for NAFTA as well as communicating and archiving it. Automated systems, however, don’t remove the need for internal expertise on classification and rules of origin.
  4. When soliciting NAFTA certificates from producers/exporters, it is imperative that the supplier or exporter have completed NAFTA certificates for their customers before shipping product. In most cases, suppliers or exporters focus on securing NAFTA certificates and supporting documentation in the latter part of the year in order to be able to sign NAFTA certificates for the coming year.Importers of NAFTA qualifying product generally seek the NAFTA certificates from their supplier/exporter by December 31st for products to be shipped in the next calendar year, well in advance of the shipment arriving in their country. Importers cannot legally declare the NAFTA reduced duty benefit without the certificate on file.
  5. Conduct annual audits of your trade compliance programs – whether import or export oriented and include alls trade agreement reviews. Working with experts will expedite the process, ensure accuracy with information declared to Customs, and lower the risk of non-compliance for both current and future shipments.

For additional information on NAFTA support, training or best practices, please contact Ms. Suzanne Richer at Customs & Trade Solutions, Inc, at smricher@ctsiadvisors.com

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Four Key Trends Impacting Global Trade in 2011

Look for these key trends to impact your global trade strategy in 2011

1. Technological innovation drives gains in operational excellence

Market complexity and volatility are driving new levels of investment in technologies that better manage and control global operations and processes. Importers and exporters need a greater degree of visibility to improve agility, such as corrective action in response to a supply chain disruption or the monitoring of priority shipment to a needed delivery date.  Advances in information and communications technologies that automate forecasting, supply and production management, transport, and logistics processes have stepped up to provide the necessary visibility and also flexibility to accommodate and also take advantage of market volatility, rapidly changing demand, and emerging markets. Trading partners and groups interconnect dynamically and reconfigure as either opportunities or constraints require.

2. The need to manage volatility (and risk) will increase

Most experts agree that global market volatility is here indefinitely.  If not driven by sudden demand disruptions, than by supply or other vendor disruptions, or weather anomalies, or wars and terrorist attacks, or a list of other economic and market constraints.  The foundation of any risk management system and the key to managing volatility is to have an “early warning” system. It is critical to link supply chain processes outside the four wall of your enterprise and develop a shared set of metrics to manage success and to highlight the need for implementing contingency plans when performance goes South.

3. Sourcing strategies take into account total landed cost and increased flexibility

Rising fuel and resource costs, aging economies, and market turbulence have motivated proactive global traders to rethink their sourcing strategies. Companies are becoming more fluid about their sourcing policies in order to save on transportation costs and also to pursue new and profitable markets. Companies sourcing from China may switch to sourcing from Mexico in order to serve NAFTA customers. They also may source the same product elsewhere to serve European or Asian customer or trading group locations. Or they may continue to source from China or Asia, but ship materials and subassemblies to be assembled closer to the delivery point. Sourcing and manufacturing/assembly locations may change again as demand changes, in what is becoming a continuously dynamic trading mode.

4. The rise of emerging markets and trading blocs

Intra-Asia shipping is booming as China and its 10 ASEAN trading partners (Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand, Viet Nam, Lao PDR, Cambodia and Myanmar) see significant sales increases. From January to August this year China-ASEAN imports were up 54 percent and exports up 40 percent year-over-year (U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, 7/2010). Companies looking for growth opportunities are shifting to these emerging markets – not only the Asia Pacific, but also India, Russia, and Eastern Europe — where double-digit sales are out-performing the typical established-market sales in the U.S. and European Union.

Increasingly global trade is becoming more concentrated in specific areas such as the China-ASEAN bloc, in much the same way as trading within the Western Hemisphere became focused within NAFTA for the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. However, the emerging high-demand areas are currently attracting more manufacturing and logistics-related service infrastructure, and the attention of global exporters and their networks.

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An Update on NEI and the Control Angle from BIS

Was recently at BIS Update and wanted to share what is new on the National Export Initiative.

What NEI Is

On March 11 of this year, President Barak Obama signed the National Export Initiative Act (NEI) (http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/executive-order-national-export-initiative) as an Executive Order, thus following up on his January State of the Union promise to double U.S. Exports within five years and create new NEI-related jobs. The Act Designated a top-level Export Promotion Cabinet—composed of Secretaries of the Cabinet and all relevant Department Directors—to develop and coordinate NEI’s implementation.

  • A month later Defense Secretary Robert Gates outlined the Obama administration’s proposed reforms of the U.S. export control system, which included:
  • The creation of a single export control list by consolidating the U.S. munitions and commerce control lists to provide a single, frequently- updated listing of unrestricted trading partners
  • The establishment of a single export licensing agency with jurisdiction over both defense articles and dual-use items and technologies to streamline the review process and enhance consistency in licensing approvals
  • The creation of a single enforcement coordination agency to strengthen global enforcement, and enhance cooperation and coordination with the intelligence community
  • Develop a single, unified IT infrastructure that would receive, process and help screen new license applications and end-users to reduce the redundancies, incompatibilities, and costs
  • Encourage and assist small business exports.

Among other priorities included were federal export assistance, trade missions, increasing export credit, enforcement of intellectual property rights, increased coordination between government agencies and collaboration with the private sector and export promotion of services.

And… it seems like there is actually a plan behind this to make it work…

UPS–On February 19, the Commerce Department announced a partnership with UPS to increase trade by identifying small-and medium-sized companies that currently export to a single market. UPS will then analyze company data to recommend new markets based on industry, geography, currency, and market access opportunities. From there, the U.S. companies will be directly connected with trade specialists from the Commercial Service (part of Commerce’s International Trade Administration), to design targeted strategies to identify new market opportunities and increase customers in existing markets.

Since the president announced the NEI, the Department of Commerce’s Advocacy Center has assisted American companies competing for export opportunities, supporting $11.4 billion in exports and an estimated 70,000 jobs. The department’s commercial service officers stationed around the world have helped more than 2,000 companies generate $3.8 billion worth of exports. To date, the Commerce Department has coordinated 18 trade missions with over 160 companies to 24 countries.

The USPS–In July, the U.S. Postal Service’s Global Business team announced the launch of a New Market Exporter Initiative with the Department of Commerce’s International Trade Administration and U.S. Commercial Service to help USPS small to medium-size business customers expand their reach to international markets by offering logistics expertise and other support resources.

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Optimizing Your Global Supply Strategy

Emerging economies are increasingly contributing to the ranks of manufacturing and logistics services suppliers that are already well established along the Pacific Rim. This trend not only heightens the ever-shifting economic activity between and within regions, but also the numbers of global trade end-points and transportation management complexity. For global traders, increasing logistics complexity increases levels of risk.

Coordinating global transport is mission-critical for companies contracting off-shore services, especially for high tech, consumer electronics, pharmaceutical, and retail industries, where short product lifecycles and extremely competitive markets mean that missed shipment dates can result in $millions in lost sales. The following five suggestions can bring you both short- and long-term cost savings.

1. Align cross-business-unit communications with a supply chain visibility tool to streamline connections between regional and global locations, meetings, and decision-making; and unify data governance across all reporting location networks.

2. Continually assess demand shifts and consequent optimal strategic and economic alignment of your transportation and distribution network, looking at a multi-layered approach to global, regional, and local sourcing, inventory allocation, and distribution locations.  Consider a trade planning solution to build scenarios of alternative sourcing or distribution locations.

3. Assure day-to-day visibility of shipments enroute as well as field stocking allocations for servicing global customers. Extend shipment visibility to your customers and assign a global team of stakeholders to regularly monitor inventory allocations and global-to-local realignment based on regional forecast updates, as well as monitoring resulting transportation management re-allocation performance.

4. Pre-plan and develop multi-modal contingency plans for key shipments such as new product introductions.

5. Don’t get caught without a fuel contingency plan. Experts are currently suggesting* that the abrupt reversal of the global economy of 2007 will bring about some fundamental changes in supply chain configurations. The biggest trend driving business today and in the future is the escalating costs of oil and energy. Despite the short-term price volatility these costs can only increase and future success depends on taking the necessary measures to reduce these costs now. Transportation is the logical starting point.

Dr. Larry Lapide, Research Affiliate for MIT Center for Transportation & Logistics, (most recently Director of Demand Management at the MIT Center for Transportation & Logistics). He recently launched MIT’s Supply Chain 2020 Project and is responsible for the Strategy Alignment Workshop.

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Doubling Exports Needs Redoubling of Effort

Remember the Obama Administration plan to double exports as a way to rebuild the US economy? Well it looks like the one part vision and a pinch of desire to change is not enough.  The New York Times has analyzed the progress so far, with mixed results, and highlights the many barriers to achieving the goals of the National Export Initiative (NEI).

The challenges include:

  • Manufacturing Leadership. We are becoming more and more of a service economy.  As the country is fighting to exit the recession, companies are uncertain of their ability to access capital and invest in the US in this time of increasing regulation and taxes.  Simply put,  manufacturing capacity and jobs are being exported (but unfortunately don’t count towards the doubling objective).  So if you aren’t producing more how do you export more?
  • The Rising Strength of the Dollar. The Euro bottomed with the banking crisis and has caused the dollar to appreciate.  While China has talked about slowly appreciating the renminbi, it is still promoting a steady flow of exports to world markets, and increasing competition for US Exports.
  • The Political Sensitivity of Trade Agreements.  As the election year approaches, I can’t see Congress getting too aggressive on trade agreements.  Clearly from a State-level there are winners and losers when trade agreements like NAFTA are implemented.  Who is going to fire up the old job debate now when the economy is stuck in neutral and slowly rolling backwards?

Exports in the first four months of 2010 have increased by 17 % versus the same period in 2009. However today we learned that the real trade deficit increased in June from $46bn to $54bn.

Clearly we aren’t playing on a level field and struggle with trade barriers erected by countries around the world.   For example, a wine industry expert says, “The single most restrictive barrier to wine exports remains the high import tariffs of most of the major markets buying U.S. wine today.”

Read more about the barriers to increasing exports at the New York Times: Hurdles Deter Obama’s Pledge to Double Exports.

Thanks to Lauren for the inspiration for this post.

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Interested to Benchmark Your Export Operations?

I ran across this report from Management Dynamics.  Check it out.

Benchmark Report: Export Compliance Management

This report profiles export compliance programs of large, small, & medium-sized enterprises in many industries to reveal challenges companies face in managing export compliance. Receive a copy of the Export Compliance Benchmark!

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GTM Forecast Cloudy or Clear?

Global trade management applications require agile networks. Focused outside the four walls of an organization, GTM synchronizes orders with global suppliers, manages transportation with global carriers and controls how companies legally and efficiently cross borders.  This extra-enterprise nature of GTM requires an architecture that can handle the demands of connectivity and collaboration across a dynamic supply chain.  Introducing, the Cloud.

So What is the Cloud?
The cloud is an innovative offshoot of SaaS (and is sometimes called PaaS – platform as a Service). According to a recent Gartner forecast,* worldwide cloud computing services will generates revenues pegged at $68.3bn in 2010, representing an increase of 16.6% over the same period last year, with global cloud services revenue projected to reach $148.8bn in 2014. Increasingly, says Gartner, companies are adopting the cloud, and service companies – well-established, and start-ups both – are offering a range of cloud design and implementation solutions.

Intersted to learn more – check out The Cloud Industry Forum

The Cloud and GTM

Among global trade management stakeholders, manufacturers are the largest early adopters of cloud services to date, but high-tech industries are moving to cloud adoption as well, says Gartner.

Cloud computing offers a numer of capabilities for GTM:

  • Integrate global suppliers and logistics providers with a shared network
  • Plug into value-added services such as trade content from hundreds of countries
  • Support new workflows and collaborative processes across the spectrum of imports and exports
  • Use configurable software solutions to enable rapid implementation

This leads to several key benefits:

  • Reduced operating costs of 20% and upwards
  • Elimination of the need for capital investment to support expansion or to handle demand surges
  • A cost effective solution for small-to-midsize companies to compete in IT functionality with larger competitors.

Many of these benefits are well understood from the On-Demand hoopla a few years ago, so what is exatly new about Cloud may not be so clear.

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5 Ways to Prepare for Global Supply Chain Disruptions

Managing logistics issues and supply and demand fluctuations is rarely routine, but the current hyper-reactive global economy as well as unforeseen weather anomalies can magnify the suddenness and breadth of disruptions throughout the supply chain. Any number of factors can potentially wreak havoc:

  • For manufacturers facing unforeseen supply and demand anomalies and work stoppages, capacity and tooling decisions become critical
  • For OEMs and retailers subject to short product lifecycles, market and economic uncertainty, rapidly changing technologies, product recalls, stock-outs. ever-escalating competition, and dramatic demand fall-off, the success or failure of a product and/or the company’s brand equity and market position can hang in the balance
  • For LSPs as well as those above, customer bankruptcies, or blind-siding weather, political, or terrorist events resulting in major transportation disruptions can cost $millions in lost revenues and key customer accounts.

Even if you have an overall planning process in place with established long-term goals, short-term contingency plans tend to receive less considered thought. Rarely do they result in quick and decisive action when it is most needed. Below are some contingency measures you can take proactively to limit risk exposure and enable rapid and effective crisis management.

1. Develop a Plan
Form a contingency team composed of key supply chain partners, (e.g., from the OEM, manufacture, logistics sides); and identify contingency scenarios:

  • Re-examine sourcing partnerships and identify alternatives
  • Model the impact of disruptions on your sourcing and inventory strategies
  • Identify a core contingency inventory strategy – in what form and quantity across the entire procurement, manufacturing, and distribution network – to be fine-tuned as the need arises
  • Develop a list of appropriate immediate and follow-up actions to achieve an optimal outcome for each contingency scenario, and, most important, appoint a point person to take charge of each contingency

2. Create Visibility
It is essential that all networks linking trading partners support end-to-end visibility and that all network partners participate in contingency strategies.  In this way you can monitor supplier performance in real-time and address any variances in your risk management system.

3. Build Flexibility
An agile supply chain can help mitigate risks.  Look at opportunities to alleviate current supply chain bottlenecks, model alternative transportation network configurations and look for alternative sources of supply.

4. Respond Decisively
Proactively link contingency plans and business objectives; and assure that contingency point people have previously obtained corporate authority and by-in for the rapid execution of contingency strategies.

5. Continuously Improve the Plan
Continuously optimize inventories against long-term business objectives as well as changing market conditions, supply constraints, customer bankruptcies, and other contingency scenarios.

As significant business, currency rates, fuel costs, and other changes occur, re-examine supply chain decisions from materials procurement, manufacturing, inventories, distribution, transportation, to constraints and costs.

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Ten Tips to Improve Supply Chain Visibility

”Improving visibility” is often one of the top three priorities of supply chain executives to improve the performance of global operations. Here are ten tips to capture the benefit:

1. Accommodate Multiple Fulfillment Models.
Visibility solutions need to be highly configurable to accommodate all of the various fulfillment models in operation across the enterprise. Domestic supply chains with three handoffs and a cycle time of less than a week are much different than an international supply chain that involves 12 – 15 handoffs and two border crossings. Supply chain visibility solutions that are flexible enough to accommodate multiple fulfillment models allow benefits to accrue across the enterprise and not within a specific product line or operational model.

2. Create an ‘Information Hub’. Visibility solutions not only extend processes outside the four walls, but must integrate and aggregate key information from within the four walls of the enterprise. The ‘Information Hub’ creates a one-stop-shop for key order, shipment, and inventory information from all internal ERP, TMS, WMS and other inventory planning systems. This expands the number of supply chain processes that can be managed by Visibility and ultimately improves productivity by eliminating ‘sneaker nets’ and re-keying of information..

3. Don’t Assume Data Quality.
Aberdeen Research recently conducted a survey and discovered that only 16% of Visibility implementations have data quality above 91%. The other 84% of companies surveyed must clearly be challenged by user adoption. To achieve the value from a visibility solution, users must have confidence that the information is both timely and accurate. State-of-the-art Data Quality Management is comprised of complex rule-based systems to cleanse and standardize information and analytical tools to monitor, troubleshoot and resolve data quality issues using Six Sigma principles.

4. Use a Proven On-boarding Process.
Data quality starts at the source and successful Visibility implementations often use an on-boarding service that is based on a careful assessment of information requirements and leverages existing integrations from an established network of transportation, logistics and brokers to certify new connections.

5. Postpone Inventory Allocation Decisions.
Many leading companies are using Visibility to track shipments to an SKU level. This allows them to treat the container as a ‘floating warehouse’ to implement inventory diversions through a transload facility or to and to postpone all inventory allocation decisions to just prior to Entry. Given long order-to-deliver cycles, this ability to manage in-transit inventory can reduce days inventory on hand and stock-outs.

6. Push Visibility Back to Origin
Many initial Visibility implementations are based on ‘where’s my stuff’ shipment tracking at a container level. Savvy companies, however, are expanding their Visibility systems by linking orders to shipments and managing in-transit inventory. New CBP regulations such as 10+2 create much more accountability for the importer and kicking off a new wave of investment to push visibility back to the origin. Many of the “10” data elements are related to the supplier, the seller and where goods were loaded – all information that can be collected from origin operations.

7. Finally Manage Trading Partners with Scorecards.
The by-product of operational Visibility is a rich repository of supply chain data that can be aggregated across the enterprise and with all trading partners year after year after year. Using leading Business Intelligence tools, scorecards to manage supplier compliance, or transportation booking performance can be easily developed. Since Visibility reduces tactical firefighting, the purchasing, logistics and customer service teams can redirect their efforts to continuously improve global operations.

8. Track Landed Costs Along the Chain.
Aberdeen reports that companies that implement visibility are twice as likely to reduce total landed costs over the past two years. Many companies use Visibility to track product, freight and insurance costs as well as integrate trade compliance information such as duties, tax, VAT and other governmental charges. By seeing how costs build and monitoring variances to budget, companies can focus efforts to target cost overruns

9. Use Triggers to Automate Handoffs.
Visibility solutions today are evolving from monitoring tools to execution systems. Leading companies are using ‘triggers’ based on supply chain events to plan warehouse receipts, to schedule a pickup, or to alert that the free-time will expire on a container. These triggers create tremendous value by compressing cycle time or helping to reduce the costs associated with demurrage and detention fines

10. Become Your Own 4PL.
Visibility is now considered to be a critical and strategic information asset. Leading companies are implementing the infrastructure and deploying new value-added services to their business units and ‘plugging in’ logistics provider partners; in short, they are becoming their own 4PL. The advantage of this model is that all trading partners integrate to one standard and are managed at both a tactical and strategic level. In this way the central logistics team controls all information assets and the delivery of value-add services to their constituents. Perhaps “I am here from Corporate and ready to help” can take on a totally new meaning in your business.

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